ggpomological/vignettes/ggpomological.Rmd

---
title: "ggpomological"
author: "Garrick Aden-Buie"
date: "`r Sys.Date()`"
output: rmarkdown::html_vignette
vignette: >
  %\VignetteIndexEntry{ggpomological}
  %\VignetteEngine{knitr::rmarkdown}
  %\VignetteEncoding{UTF-8}
---

```{r setup, include = FALSE}
knitr::opts_chunk$set(
  collapse = TRUE,
  comment = "#>"
)
knitr::opts_chunk$set(echo = TRUE, fig.width=8, fig.height=5)
library(ggpomological)
library(dplyr)
```

<!-- Links -->
[rstudioconf]:   https://www.rstudio.com/conference/
[t-aronatkins]:  https://twitter.com/aronatkins
[rsconf-slides]: https://github.com/rstudio/rstudio-conf/tree/master/2018/Fruit_For_Thought--Aron_Atkins
[rsconf-video]:  https://youtu.be/Ol1FjFR2IMU?t=5h21m15s
[usda-pom]:      https://usdawatercolors.nal.usda.gov/pom
[t-pomological]: https://twitter.com/pomological
[magick]:        https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/magick/index.html

This package provides a ggplot2 theme inspired by the [USDA Pomological Watercolors collection][usda-pom] and by Aron Atkins's ([&commat;aronatkins][t-aronatkins]) [talk on parameterized RMarkdown][rsconf-video] at [rstudio::conf 2018][rstudioconf].

```{r ggpomological, echo=FALSE, message=FALSE, warning=FALSE}
fruits <- c("Apple", "Apricot", "Banana", "Fig", "Cherry", "Kiwi", "Grape", "Mango", "Papaya", "Orange", "Peach", "Pear")
readr::read_tsv("https://cs.joensuu.fi/sipu/datasets/Compound.txt", col_names = FALSE) %>% 
  filter(X3 < 10) %>% 
  mutate(X3 = sample(fruits, length(unique(X3)))[X3]) %>% 
  {
    ggplot(., aes(x = X1, y = X2, color = X3)) + 
      geom_point() + 
      labs(x = "Space", y = "Time", 
           color = "Fruit", title = "ggpomological") +
      scale_color_pomological() + 
      theme_pomological_fancy()
  } %>% 
  paint_pomological(res = 110) 
```

`r knitr::include_graphics(here::here("Readme_files/pom-examples.jpg"))`^[U.S. Department of Agriculture Pomological Watercolor Collection. Rare and Special Collections, National Agricultural Library, Beltsville, MD 20705]

## Color Palette

The colors for this theme were drawn from many images from the [USDA Pomological Watercolors collection][usda-pom], I chose just a few that I thought worked well together for color and fill scales

```{r}
scales::show_col(ggpomological:::pomological_palette)
```

and a few colors for the plot background and decoration

```{r}
scales::show_col(unlist(ggpomological:::pomological_base))
```

I've also included a [css file](inst/pomological.css) with the complete collection of color samples.


## Setup theme and scales

There are three theme-generating functions: 

- `theme_pomological()` sets the plot theme to be representative of the paper and styling of the watercolors and includes a paper-colored background, 

- `theme_pomological_plain()` has the same styling, just with a transparent (or white) background,

- `theme_pomological_fancy()` has the paper-colored background and defaults to a fancy handwritten font ([Homemade Apple](https://fonts.google.com/specimen/Homemade+Apple/)).


For color and fill scales, **ggpomological** provides `scale_color_pomological()` and `scale_fill_pomological()`.

In the future, I might revisit this package to

1. Increase colors in discrete scale

2. Setup paired color scales. Lots of great color pairs in the extracted colors.

3. Set up continuous scale colors (we'll see...)

## Fonts

A handwriting font is needed for the fully authentic pomological look, and I found a few from Google Fonts that fit the bill.

- [Mr. De Haviland](https://fonts.google.com/specimen/Mr+De+Haviland)
- [Homemade Apple](https://fonts.google.com/specimen/Homemade+Apple/)
- [Marck Script](https://fonts.google.com/specimen/Marck+Script/)
- [Mr. Bedfort](https://fonts.google.com/specimen/Mr+Bedfort/)

Alternatively, use something like [calligrapher.com](https://www.calligraphr.com/) to create your own handwriting font!

But fonts can be painful in R, so the base functions -- `theme_pomological()` and `theme_pomological_plain()` -- don't change the font by default.
To opt into the full pomological effect, use `theme_pomological_fancy()` which is just an alias for `theme_pomological(base_family = "Homemade Apple", base_size = 16)`.

## Add paper background!

**ggpomological** also provides a function named `paint_pomological` that uses the [`magick`][magick] package to add a pomological watercolor paper background and a subtle texture overlay.


## Demo!

We'll need ggplot2 (loaded with **ggpomological**) and dplyr

```r
library(ggpomological)
library(dplyr)
```

**Warning**: If you don't have the [above fonts](#fonts) installed, you'll get an error message with a lot of warnings when running the below examples. Just replace `theme_pomological("Homemade Apple", 16)` with `theme_pomological()` for the basic theme without the crazy fonts.

### Basic iris plot

```{r plot-demo}
# Base plot
basic_iris_plot <- ggplot(iris) +
  aes(x = Sepal.Length, y = Sepal.Width, color = Species) +
  geom_point(size = 2)

# Just your standard Iris plot
basic_iris_plot 

# With pomological colors
basic_iris_plot <- basic_iris_plot + scale_color_pomological()
basic_iris_plot

# With pomological theme
basic_iris_plot + theme_pomological()

# With transparent background
basic_iris_plot + theme_pomological_plain() 

# Or with "fancy" pomological settings
pomological_iris <- basic_iris_plot + theme_pomological_fancy()

# Painted!
paint_pomological(pomological_iris, res = 110)
```


### Stacked bar chart


```{r plot-bar-chart}
stacked_bar_plot <- ggplot(diamonds) +
  aes(price, fill = cut) +
  geom_histogram(binwidth = 850) + 
  xlab('Price (USD)') + 
  ylab('Count') + 
  ggtitle("ggpomological") +
  scale_x_continuous(label = scales::dollar_format()) +
  scale_fill_pomological()

stacked_bar_plot + theme_pomological("Homemade Apple", 16)

paint_pomological(
  stacked_bar_plot + theme_pomological_fancy(),
  res = 110
)
```

### Density Plot

```{r plot-density}
density_plot <- mtcars %>% 
  mutate(cyl = factor(cyl)) %>% 
  ggplot() +
  aes(mpg, fill = cyl, color = cyl)+
  geom_density(alpha = 0.75) + 
  labs(fill = 'Cylinders', colour = 'Cylinders', x = 'MPG', y = 'Density') +
  scale_color_pomological() +
  scale_fill_pomological()

density_plot + theme_pomological("Homemade Apple", 16)

paint_pomological(
  density_plot + theme_pomological_fancy(),
  res = 110
)
```


### Points and lines

Data from the Texas Housing

```{r plot-full-bar-stack}
big_volume_cities <- txhousing %>% 
  group_by(city) %>% 
  summarize(mean_volume = mean(volume, na.rm = TRUE)) %>% 
  arrange(-mean_volume) %>% 
  top_n(length(ggpomological:::pomological_palette)) %>% 
  pull(city)

full_bar_stack_plot <- txhousing %>% 
  filter(city %in% big_volume_cities) %>% 
  group_by(city, year) %>% 
  summarize(mean_volume = mean(volume, na.rm = TRUE)) %>% 
  ungroup %>% 
  mutate(city = factor(city, big_volume_cities)) %>% 
  ggplot() +
  aes(year, mean_volume, fill = city, group = city) +
  geom_col(position = 'fill', width = 0.9) +
  labs(x = 'City', y = 'Mean Volume', color = 'City') +
  theme(panel.grid.minor.x = element_blank()) +
  scale_fill_pomological()

full_bar_stack_plot + theme_pomological("Homemade Apple", 16)

paint_pomological(
  full_bar_stack_plot + theme_pomological_fancy(),
  res = 110
)
```

### One last plot

Using my own handwriting and the `ggridges` package.

```{r plot-ridges}
ridges_pomological <- ggplot(diamonds) + 
  aes(x = carat, y = clarity, color = clarity, fill = clarity) + 
  ggridges::geom_density_ridges(alpha = 0.75) + 
  theme_pomological(
    base_family = 'gWriting',
    base_size = 20,
    base_theme = ggridges::theme_ridges()
    ) + 
  scale_fill_pomological() + 
  scale_color_pomological()

paint_pomological(ridges_pomological, res = 110)
```