📚 Add text to readme for each section

README.Rmd

@@ -17,7 +17,12 @@ knitr::opts_chunk$set(
 
 [gganimate]: https://github.com/thomasp85/gganimate#README
 [dplyr-two-table]: https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/articles/two-table.html
-[r4ds-set-ops]: http://r4ds.had.co.nz/relation-data.html#set-operations
+[r4ds]: http://r4ds.had.co.nz/
+[r4ds-relational]: http://r4ds.had.co.nz/relational-data.html
+[r4ds-set-ops]: http://r4ds.had.co.nz/relational-data.html#set-operations
+[r4ds-tidy-data]: http://r4ds.had.co.nz/tidy-data.html#tidy-data-1
+[tidyverse]: https://tidyverse.org
+[tidyr]: https://tidyr.tidyverse.org
 
 # Tidy Animated Verbs
 
@@ -53,8 +58,8 @@ Currently, the animations cover the [dplyr two-table verbs][dplyr-two-table] and
 
 ### Relational Data
 
-The [Relational Data](http://r4ds.had.co.nz/relation-data.html) chapter of the
-[R for Data Science](http://r4ds.had.co.nz/) book by Garrett Grolemund and Hadley Wickham
+The [Relational Data][r4ds-relational] chapter of the
+[R for Data Science][r4ds] book by Garrett Grolemund and Hadley Wickham
 is an excellent resource for learning more about relational data.
 
 The [dplyr two-table verbs vignette][dplyr-two-table]
@@ -70,6 +75,9 @@ The [package readme][gganimate] provides an excellent (and quick) introduction t
 
 ## Mutating Joins
 
+> A mutating join allows you to combine variables from two tables. It first matches observations by their keys, then copies across variables from one table to the other.  
+> [R for Data Science: Mutating joins](http://r4ds.had.co.nz/relational-data.html#mutating-joins)
+
 ```{r intial-dfs}
 source("R/00_base_join.R")
 df_names <- data_frame(
@@ -165,6 +173,11 @@ full_join(x, y, by = "id")
 
 ## Filtering Joins
 
+> Filtering joins match observations in the same way as mutating joins, but affect the observations, not the variables.
+> ... Semi-joins are useful for matching filtered summary tables back to the original rows.
+> ... Anti-joins are useful for diagnosing join mismatches.  
+> [R for Data Science: Filtering Joins](http://r4ds.had.co.nz/relational-data.html#filtering-joins)
+
 ### Semi Join
 
 > All rows from `x` where there are matching values in `y`, keeping just columns from `x`.
@@ -195,6 +208,11 @@ anti_join(x, y, by = "id")
 
 ## Set Operations
 
+> Set operations are occasionally useful when you want to break a single complex filter into simpler pieces. 
+> All these operations work with a complete row, comparing the values of every variable. 
+> These expect the x and y inputs to have the same variables, and treat the observations like sets.  
+> [R for Data Science: Set operations](http://r4ds.had.co.nz/relational-data.html#set-operations)
+
 ```{r intial-dfs-so}
 source("R/00_base_set.R")
 df_names <- data_frame(
@@ -298,6 +316,14 @@ setdiff(y, x)
 
 ## Tidy Data
 
+[Tidy data][r4ds-tidy-data] follows the following three rules:
+
+1. Each variable has its own column.
+1. Each observation has its own row.
+1. Each value has its own cell.
+
+Many of the tools in the [tidyverse] expect data to be formatted as a tidy dataset and the [tidyr] package provides functions to help you organize your data into tidy data.
+
 ```{r tidyr-wide-long}
 source("R/tidyr_spread_gather.R")
 
@@ -327,11 +353,13 @@ long
 
 `spread(data, key, value)`
 
-> Spread a key-value pair across multiple columns.
+> Spread a key-value pair across multiple columns. 
+> Use it when an a column contains observations from multiple variables.
 
 `gather(data, key = "key", value = "value", ...)`
 
-> Gather takes multiple columns and collapses into key-value pairs, duplicating all other columns as needed. You use `gather()` when you notice that you have columns that are not variables.
+> Gather takes multiple columns and collapses into key-value pairs, duplicating all other columns as needed. 
+> You use `gather()` when you notice that your column names are not names of variables, but *values* of a variable.
 
 ![](images/tidyr-spread-gather.gif)
 

README.md

@@ -50,10 +50,10 @@ welcome\!](https://github.com/gadenbuie/tidy-animated-verbs/issues)
 
 ### Relational Data
 
-The [Relational Data](http://r4ds.had.co.nz/relation-data.html) chapter
-of the [R for Data Science](http://r4ds.had.co.nz/) book by Garrett
-Grolemund and Hadley Wickham is an excellent resource for learning more
-about relational data.
+The [Relational Data](http://r4ds.had.co.nz/relational-data.html)
+chapter of the [R for Data Science](http://r4ds.had.co.nz/) book by
+Garrett Grolemund and Hadley Wickham is an excellent resource for
+learning more about relational data.
 
 The [dplyr two-table verbs
 vignette](https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/articles/two-table.html) and Jenny
@@ -72,6 +72,12 @@ excellent (and quick) introduction to gganimte.
 
 ## Mutating Joins
 
+> A mutating join allows you to combine variables from two tables. It
+> first matches observations by their keys, then copies across variables
+> from one table to the other.  
+> [R for Data Science: Mutating
+> joins](http://r4ds.had.co.nz/relational-data.html#mutating-joins)
+
 <img src="images/static/png/original-dfs.png" width="480px" />
 
 ``` r
@@ -187,6 +193,13 @@ full_join(x, y, by = "id")
 
 ## Filtering Joins
 
+> Filtering joins match observations in the same way as mutating joins,
+> but affect the observations, not the variables. … Semi-joins are
+> useful for matching filtered summary tables back to the original rows.
+> … Anti-joins are useful for diagnosing join mismatches.  
+> [R for Data Science: Filtering
+> Joins](http://r4ds.had.co.nz/relational-data.html#filtering-joins)
+
 ### Semi Join
 
 > All rows from `x` where there are matching values in `y`, keeping just
@@ -220,6 +233,14 @@ anti_join(x, y, by = "id")
 
 ## Set Operations
 
+> Set operations are occasionally useful when you want to break a single
+> complex filter into simpler pieces. All these operations work with a
+> complete row, comparing the values of every variable. These expect the
+> x and y inputs to have the same variables, and treat the observations
+> like sets.  
+> [R for Data Science: Set
+> operations](http://r4ds.had.co.nz/relational-data.html#set-operations)
+
 <img src="images/static/png/original-dfs-set-ops.png" width="480px" />
 
 ``` r
@@ -328,6 +349,18 @@ setdiff(y, x)
 
 ## Tidy Data
 
+[Tidy data](http://r4ds.had.co.nz/tidy-data.html#tidy-data-1) follows
+the following three rules:
+
+1.  Each variable has its own column.
+2.  Each observation has its own row.
+3.  Each value has its own cell.
+
+Many of the tools in the [tidyverse](https://tidyverse.org) expect data
+to be formatted as a tidy dataset and the
+[tidyr](https://tidyr.tidyverse.org) package provides functions to help
+you organize your data into tidy data.
+
 ![](images/static/png/original-dfs-tidy.png)
 
 ``` r
@@ -353,13 +386,15 @@ long
 
 `spread(data, key, value)`
 
-> Spread a key-value pair across multiple columns.
+> Spread a key-value pair across multiple columns. Use it when an a
+> column contains observations from multiple variables.
 
 `gather(data, key = "key", value = "value", ...)`
 
 > Gather takes multiple columns and collapses into key-value pairs,
 > duplicating all other columns as needed. You use `gather()` when you
-> notice that you have columns that are not variables.
+> notice that your column names are not names of variables, but *values*
+> of a variable.
 
 ![](images/tidyr-spread-gather.gif)